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5 Home Remedies for Mosquito Bites

5 Home Remedies for Mosquito Bites

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Mosquito bites
“..what hurts more is probably the blisters and bumps they leave behind..” 🦟

The whining of a mosquito is a familiar sound that hovers past our ears these days. Ever noticed how active these creatures are during power cuts at night, buzzing non-stop around us, aiming to make a smooth landing on our skin? 

And what hurts more is probably the blisters and bumps they leave behind. Here are five easy home remedies for those painful mosquito bites that take an eternity to go away.

What happens under your skin after a mosquito bites you?

When a mosquito bites, it uses its long mouthpart; proboscis (which looks like a tiny needle), to prick your skin and suck your blood. When this occurs, its saliva is released into your bloodstream. Your body acknowledges this as an allergen, signalling your immune system to transmit the chemical ‘histamine’ to the area bitten by the mosquito. This is done to remove the allergen from your body. 

The histamine triggers an inflammatory response causing the area around the mosquito bite to swell and itch.  In some people, the bites may develop into an allergy as well.

Mosquito bites a person hand

Do all mosquitoes drink blood?

No, it’s only the female mosquito that drinks blood. This is because proteins present in the human blood are essential for the development of mosquito eggs.

How does a mosquito spread diseases?

When an infected mosquito bites, it transfers the infection via its saliva into your bloodstream, passing the infection onto you. Since mosquitos practise ‘sip feeding’, the process of sucking blood from multiple sources, the infection tends to spread among many people.

Home remedies for mosquito bites​

Here are some natural remedies for mosquito bites that can help reduce the itch and inflammation:

       1. Ice

Apply a bag of crushed ice or an ice pack over your bumps for about 10 mins to reduce the itch and swelling.

       2. Honey

Honey has vital anti-inflammatory properties. Apply a drop of honey onto the affected area. This would help reduce the itch and pain.

      3. Aloe Vera

Aloe vera helps increase the speed of wound healing. To use this on your mosquito bites, cut a small section of an aloe vera plant and apply its gel onto the affected area. Let this dry on your skin and reapply again as necessary.

      4. Onion

This common kitchen vegetable has natural antifungal and antibacterial properties, which helps lower irritations associated with the skin. Cut an onion slice and apply it to the area of mosquito bites for a few minutes. Then, remove the slice and rinse the area thoroughly.

     5. Apple Cider Vinegar

The antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of apple cider vinegar helps treat many skin conditions such as eczema. Add a drop of apple cider vinegar on your bump . If you have several bites, soaking a cloth in cold water and vinegar and applying it to the affected area may give you some relief and reduce itching.

home remedies for mosquito bites

When should you visit a doctor?

You can consult a doctor via oDoc if you experience an allergic reaction to mosquito bites or see the following symptoms of dengue passed on by mosquitos:

  • Fever
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Aches and pains (behind the eyes, muscles or joints)
  • A rash

With the number of dengue patients increasing in the country, it is vital that you maintain a clean surrounding around your homes and prevent the population of mosquitos. Applying a mosquito repellent such as citronella oil will also help you avoid mosquito bites. If you think you are undergoing a severe allergic reaction caused by mosquito bites you can consult a dermatologist, or if you are experiencing the above dengue fever symptoms, you can consult a GP via the oDoc app.

Sources

  1. 16 Home Remedies for Mosquito Bites, Healthline (2022)
  2. Mosquito Bites: What They Look Like, Why They Itch & Treatment, Cleveland Clinic (2021)
  3. Dengue – Symptoms and Treatment, CDC (2021)
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Dengue In Children

Dengue in Children

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Written by Dr. B.J.C. Perera

dengue in children

There have been reports of high rise in cases of Dengue in Colombo and other parts of the country over the last several years. Dengue is a disease that could affect children and adults, and affects people irrespective of caste, creed, religion, or social status. The word Dengue is derived from the word “Ka – Dinga pepo” in the Swahili language and is pronounced as Dengi. The word in Swahili refers to an illness with cramps. One of the cardinal features of the disease is severe muscle pain, and perhaps the word was derived from Swahili to denote this important clinical feature. At other times, the condition has been called “break-bone fever” as well, referring to the intense limb pains associated with it.

The virus that causes Dengue was isolated in the 1940s, and there are four types of the virus that causes the disease in humans. Outbreaks of the disease are due to one or more of these four serotypes. The disease is transmitted by one of two species of mosquitoes known as Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The disease has a vast range of severity and presentation. In some children, it could present as the ordinary flu or viral fever, while in others, it could be a severe life-threatening illness. It depends on several factors such as the virulence of the infecting virus, the immunity of the individual, and whether it is the first attack or not. Attack by one type of virus does not confer immunity to the other three types. When there are second, third, and fourth attacks of Dengue in an individual, the incidence of the complications increases. This is due to the production of a type of antibody by one strain of the virus that enhances the effects caused by another strain. Some of these antibodies are not protective but augment the complications and deleterious effects of the other strains of the virus.

dengue symptoms

Symptoms and Signs of Dengue

Dengue fever starts just like any other viral fever. It commences with a high swinging fever, often associated with intense muscle and joint pains. The fever usually responds poorly to simple fever-lowering medications like paracetamol. The child may feel ill at times of fever, but in milder cases, especially when it is the first attack, the child may not feel too bad. After a couple of days, the fever appears to get better, only to flare up again within a day or so. This is generally known as a saddle-back type of fever. This second phase is the one that is associated with the dreaded complications of the disease. 

Complications arising through Dengue

The dengue virus induces a peculiar increase in permeability characteristics of the blood vessels leading to uncontrolled fluid movement from the bloodstream to the surrounding tissues. It is also known as the “leaking” of fluid from the bloodstream into the adjacent areas and is commonly referred to as the “leaking phase.” This situation leads to reduced fluid within the circulating compartment and is associated with a fall in blood pressure and cardiovascular malfunctioning. The patient presents in a state of collapse or shock. This is known as the “Dengue Shock Syndrome.”

In addition, the virus causes a certain amount of direct damage to the blood vessels, which leads to a bleeding tendency. The disease also causes a fall in the platelets of the blood, enhancing the bleeding as platelets are intimately involved in the clotting processes of normal blood. This is known as “Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever.” The bleeding manifests as spots on the skin or internal haemorrhage, particularly in the stomach and intestines, and this presents as brownish or blackish “coffee grounds” material in the vomitus or black faeces. 

In some rare cases, the heart is affected, leading to a complication known as myocarditis which leads to heart failure. This particular complication can be troublesome and needs to be managed very carefully. All these complications are associated with an increased rate of fatalities. However, with competent management, these fatalities could be reduced drastically.  

It is essential to point out that the child remains conscious and alert throughout the illness, even when they are quite ill with the dreaded complications. These complications cause death and are much more common during second and subsequent attacks of the disease. The standard, uncomplicated form starts with a high fever and vomiting, and the patient generally feels unwell. The period around the 4th to the 7th day is crucial for the development of the complications. However, many affected individuals go through the illness just like any other form of flu and recover without any problems. However, the more severely affected children feel quite ill, especially during the late phase of the disease that comes on after 3 to 4 days.

Diagnosis could be quite tricky in the early stages

It is noteworthy that a definitive diagnosis could be quite tricky in the early stages of the disease. Although some sophisticated tests such as NS1 Antigen Test could detect the virus even in the first couple of days of the illness, these are not fool-proof and is expensive. These tests detect the virus’s genetic structure using a technique known as the Polymerase Chain Reaction or PCR. The standard blood counts show typical features of any viral infection in the first couple of days. Subsequently, these counts show thickening of the blood caused by an uncontrolled shifting of fluids out of the bloodstream and a fall in the platelet count. The tests to detect antibodies become positive from about the 3rd or 4th day but once again, they are not fool-proof. Negative antibody test does not exclude dengue fever. A characteristic feature in the leaking phase is developing a collection of fluid in the chest around the lung, particularly on the right side. This feature, seen quite well in a chest x-ray, is a significant diagnostic value. Fluid also accumulates in the tummy and is detected by ultrasound scans.

doctor treating child patient with dengue

Immediate medical supervision is essential

A child with Dengue must come under medical supervision as soon as possible. Many of them who do not develop any complications will only need simple measures to control the temperature and would only need further observation. However, if a complication develops, the recovery is determined by how quickly a medical team intervenes with aggressive active management. Many of them would need intravenous fluids to control the shifting of fluids within the different compartments of the body. A lot has been learned during the last decade in managing these patients, and constant vigilance is required practically from hour to hour when there are significant complications. Much can be done in the acute phase, especially if complications develop. All medical facilities in the government sector are quite well equipped to handle these cases, and people in these institutions are the most experienced in dealing with these cases. Although fatalities are highlighted in the media the mortality rate in children is extremely low and is now well under one percent. Unfortunately, up to now, there is no vaccine to prevent Dengue. Quite a few vaccines are still in the trial stage. Thus, preventive measures are directed toward controlling the mosquito population.

Lack of concern for health, rains and abundance of mosquitoes create the ideal breeding ground

There are reports of a resurgence of Dengue Fever in this country from time to time. Some families, unfortunately, have lost beautiful normal children to the disease. The rains do come from time to time, and mosquitoes are everywhere. The usual nonchalance and lack of health consciousness of the people are also abundant. This means the three cardinal ingredients for the perpetuation of Dengue Fever are in place right around the country. It is a disease that conjures up visions of unsavory consequences and death in most people’s minds. Sporadic cases are seen regularly in our medical facilities, and from time-to-time increased incidence of the epidemic, nature occurs practically throughout the country. It is not a new disease, but it is perhaps quite apparent that it has now come to stay. It is most unlikely that any form of control measures undertaken will ever be able to completely eradicate the disease from this country. 

The public in the community must cooperate with the authorities to eliminate the breeding places and habitats of the mosquitoes that transmit this disease. This is certainly not an enterprise that the state could undertake successfully. Civic consciousness, collaboration, and support on the part of the general populace are of paramount importance in any control measures undertaken by the authorities. Most unfortunately and quite sadly, it is almost a national trait of many people to remain apathetic and indifferent in such endeavors as long as the fundamental problem does not affect them directly. It is of the essence to reiterate that Dengue can strike anybody and at any time. A unified and concentrated effort to prevent it is the need of the hour.

This is an excerpt from the book “MODERN CHILD HEALTHCARE: A GUIDE TO PARENTS“ written by Dr B. J. C. Perera. Titles added by the oDoc team.

Dr B. J. C. Perera

ළමා රෝග විශේෂඥ වෛද්‍ය

SLMC number 4979

Asiri Medical Hospital in Kirula Road and King’s Hospital (former Oasis Hospital).

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ඩෙංගුත් එක්ක කොරෝනා

ඩෙංගුත් එක්ක කොරෝනා

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රජයේ දත්ත වාර්තා අනුව ජනවාරි මාසය වන විට ( 01/01/2022) වාර්තා වන ඩෙංගු රෝගීන් සංඛ්‍යාව 7702 කි.එසේම,

මෙම ලිපිය ලියන අවස්ථාව වන විට දෛනිකව වාර්තා වී ඇති ඔමික්‍රෝන් රෝගීන් සංඛ්‍යාව 1331 ක් වන අතර එම දිනය තුළ( 06/02/2022) 23 දෙනෙකු මිය ගොස් තිබුණි.

සරලවම ඩෙංගු සහ කොරෝනා යනු කුමක්ද?
ඩෙංගු යනු, 

මදුරු විශේෂයක් හරහා බෝ වන වෛරසයකි. එය පුද්ගලයෙකුට තම ජීවිත කාලය තුළ කිහිප වතාවක් ආසාදනය විය හැකිය.

කොරෝනා ( COVID – 19) යනු,

 SARS – COV – 02 නම් කිරීටක වෛරසයක් මගින් බෝ වන ශ්වසන රෝගයකි. එම වෛරසය පුද්ගලයෙකුගේ ශරීරයේ පවතින ආකාරය පිළිබඳව නිශ්චිත නැත.

ඩෙංගු සහ කොරෝනා පැතිරෙන ආකාර මොනවාද ?
ඩෙංගු සහ කෝවිඩ් ( ඔමික්‍රෝන් ) රෝග ලක්ෂණ මොනවාද ?
 ඩෙංගු

පොදුවේ ගත් කල, ඩෙංගු රෝගයේ පොදු රෝග ලක්ෂණ පෙන්වීම ආරම්භ වන්නේ දෙවන දවසේ සිට හත් වන දවස දක්වා වේ.

  • උණ හෝ හිසරදය
  • ඇස් යට වේදනාව
  • අස්ථි හා මාංශපේශිවල වේදනාව
  • ශරීරයේ මතු වන පලු වර්ග ( ශරීරයේ විහිදෙන රත් පැහැති ලප )
  • සුළු ලේ ගැලීම් තත්වයන්
  • සුදු රුධිරාණු අවම වීම
  • මළ බද්ධය
  • පාචනය
  • ආහාර මාර්ගය ආශ්‍රිත ‍රෝග
කෝවිඩ්

වෛරසය වැළඳීමෙන් දින 2 සිට දින14 දක්වා කාලය තුළ මෘදු රෝග ලක්ෂණවල සිට දරුණු රෝග ලක්ෂණ දක්වා වර්ධනය වෙයි. එම රෝග ලක්ෂණ ලෙස

  • උණ හෝ තෙහෙට්ටුව
  • කැස්ස
  • හුස්ම හිර වීම හෝ හුස්ම ගැනීමේ අපහසුතා
  • මාංශපේශිවල හෝ මුළු ශරීරයේම පවතින වේදනාව
  • හිසරදය
  • රස සහ සුවඳ නොදැනීම
  • උගුර වණ වීම
  • නාසය සිර වීම හෝ නාසයෙන් සොටු දියර ගැලීම
  • ඔක්කාරය හෝ වමනය
  • පාචනය
 ඩෙංගු සහ කොරෝනාවල පොදු ලක්ෂණ මොනවාද ?
  • උණ
  • තද හිසරදය
  • කැස්ස
  • සෙම්ප්‍රතිශ්‍යාව
  • උගුරේ ආසාදන
  • පාචනය
  • තෙහෙට්ටුව
  • නාසය සිර වන ගතිය හෝ දියර ගැලීම

මෙවන් ලක්ෂණ පවතින අවස්ථාවක ඔබ පලමුව වෛද්‍යයවරයෙකු සමග රෝග ලක්ෂණ පිළිබඳව සහ රෝගයේ ස්වභාවයන් පිළිබඳව කල් තියා සාකච්ඡා කළ යුතු ය.

ඩෙංගු සහ කොරෝනා ( ඔමික්‍රෝන් ) අවධානම් ලක්ෂණ මොනවාද ?

 බොහෝ අවස්ථාවන්වල ඩෙංගු රෝගයේ අවධානම් ලක්ෂණ මතු වන්නේ උණ පහව ගොස් පැය 24 ත් පැය 48 ත් අතර කාලය තුළ දී ය. එම අවස්ථාවක,

  • බඩේ අමාරුව
  • වමනය ( දිනකට තුන් වරක් හෝ ඊට වඩා)
  • නාසයෙන් හෝ විදුරුමස්වලින් රුධිරය පිට වීම
  • වමනය කිරීමේදී හෝ මළ පහ කිරීමේ දී රුධිරය පිට වීම
  • ඒත් සමගම එන මහන්සිය, අවිවේකී බව සහ නොරුස්නා බව
කෝවිඩ් ( ඔමික්‍රෝන් ) රෝගයේ මතු වන හදිසි තත්වයන්
  • හුස්ම ගැනීමේ අපහසුතා
  • පපුවේ තද බව හෝ වේදනාව
  • අවධිව සිටීමට හෝ ශරීරය එක ආකාරයකට තබාගෙන සිටීමට පවතින අපහසුතා
  • සම, නියමල, තොල් සුදුමැලි හෝ අළු පැහැයක් ගැනීම
මෙවන් කෝවිඩ් සම්බන්ධ හදිසි තත්වයක දී රෝහල් පහසුකම් නොමැතිව වුව ද oDoc හෝම් කෙයා සේවාව ඔබ වෙනුවෙන් පැය 24 පුරාවටම විවෘතව පවති යි.
ඩෙංගු සහ කොරෝනාවලින් වැළකීම සඳහා උචිත ආහාර වර්ග
ඩෙංගු
  • ගස්ලබු කොළ යුශ
  • පළතුරු යුශ
  • බත් කැඳ
  • දෙළුම්
  • පොල් වතුර
  • කහ
  • දොඩම්
  • මහදුරු
 රතු සහ දුඹුරු පැහැයට හුරු බීම සහ ආහාර වර්ග ගැනීමෙන් වලකින්න.
මෙයට අමතරව ඔබගේ ශරීරයේ බර අනුව අවශ්‍යය පෝෂණ වර්ග පිළිබඳව විශේෂයෙන් දැනගැනීමට oDoc  හරහා දැන්ම පෝෂණවේදී විශේෂඥ වෛද්‍යයවරයෙකුට කතා කරන්න.
කොරෝනා
  • පළතුරු සහ එළවළු වැඩි වශයෙන් ආහාරයට එකතු කර ගන්න
  • ප්‍රමාණවත් ලෙස ජලය පානය කරන්න
  • මත්පැන් සහ මත්ද්‍රව්‍යයවලින් ඈත් වන්න
  • කල් තබා ගන්නා රසකාරක අඩංගු ආහාර ගැනීමෙන් වලකින්න.
  • කොත්තමල්ලි සහ පස්පංගුව අවශ්‍යය ප්‍රමාණයන්ගෙන් ශරීරයට ගන්න.

වසංගත රෝගී තත්වයන් කෙසේ පැමිණියත් oDoc සේවාවට ඔබ සිටින ඕනෑම ස්ථානයක සිට සම්බන්ධ විය හැකිය. රෝග විශේෂ 500 කට වැඩි ප්‍රමාණයක විශේෂඥ වෛද්‍යයවරුන්ගේ සහය නිවසේ සිට ඉතා පහසුවෙන් ලබා ගන්න. කොරෝනා වැළඳුණ පුද්ගලයන් වෙනුවෙන්ම පවතින oDoc හෝම් කෙයා සේවාව සහනදායී මිල ගණන් යටතේ ලබා ගත හැකිය.

 ආශ්‍රිත කියවීම්

  • Is it Dengue or is It COVID -19?,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.www.cdc.gov
  • How to differentiate between a dengue and COVID- 19 fever? What out for these symptoms. TimesofIndia.com, 01,October, 2021
  • National Dengue Control Unit, www.dengue health.gov.lk
  • COVID-19: Live situational Analysis Dashboard of Sri Lanka, Health Promotion Bureau, hpb.health.gov.lk
  • The top five Omicron symptoms to be aware of, Gavi, The Vaccine Alliance, 18, January 2022, Pooja Joi.
  • Food for Dengue – What to eat and what to avoid, PharmEay
  • Advice for Dengue patients who are on home based care temporary, වසංගත රෝග මර්දන ඒකකය, www.epid.gov.lk
  • Healthy at home : Healthy diet, World Health Organisation.
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